BB_Game_System_Architecture_Overview.htm
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<body lang=EN-US style='tab-interval:.5in'>
<div class=Section1>
<h1>BB Game System Architecture Overview</h1>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>This document provides an overview of the BB Game System
Architecture. The focus is on the basic mechanisms provided by the hardware to
satisfy the requirements. Separate documents will detail individual hardware
designs and also the detailed software architecture and design.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The goal of BB Game System is to provide an integrated game
console that can download applications into Flash devices, some of which are
removable, and execute these applications. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The key requirement is that the BB console only execute
licensed applications and that the BB console, depot and server infrastructure
are designed, implemented and operated so that it is difficult and not
economically viable for a 3<sup>rd</sup> party to distribute applications to a
BB Game console. A second requirement is that it should be difficult to get
plain text copies of games distributed to the BB game at any step of the
publishing and distribution process.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>It is impossible to make an unhackable system, however, our
goal is to design a system so that it is not economically viable for a 3<sup>rd</sup>
party to circumvent the security mechanisms, and to ensure that the BB
distribution system and console is the most cost effective way for the end user
to get access to the BB content. To this end we focus our efforts on preventing
security breaches which lead to the ability to mass produce, rather than
breaches which can only be accomplished with high cost lab equipment and cannot
be replicated in a cost effective way for end-users.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The overall system design showing the main features is given
in the diagram on the next page. In this context the type of security breaches
which would be problematic are:</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo10;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>those which allow someone to copy games directly to a flash
device that can be executed. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo10;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>those which allow a special device to be created that can be
plugged directly in to the flash port, that can store games and circumvents the
licensing scheme. For example exploiting some dynamic mechanism in the way
licenses are checked and the application is started to inject different
applications.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>An example of a security breach that may not be an issue is:</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-tab-count:1'> </span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo10;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>someone creates a device which clips over the DRAM and
interfaces to an outside mass storage, and through this mechanism can run games</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>In the following we have a system design which will
definitely protect against ways we know of achieving the first two breaches,
but it does not cover the third case above.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"></span></p>
<h2>System Architecture</h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal>Main Board</p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>ADAC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<![if !mso]></td>
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<td><![endif]>
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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>PHY<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal>Power/Gnd (2)</p>
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<p class=MsoNormal>Controllers for Multi-player games</p>
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<![endif]></v:textbox>
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left:6840;top:2560;width:1260;height:720' o:regroupid="2" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>RJ11/45</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1159" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:3960;top:2560;width:1620;height:720' o:regroupid="2" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1159'>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>TV Video/Audio</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1160" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:8280;top:2560;width:1620;height:720' o:regroupid="2" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Power</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1161" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:7200;top:4900;width:1260;height:540' o:regroupid="2" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Eth. (4)</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1162" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:6300;top:4900;width:1260;height:540' o:regroupid="2" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>L/R (2)</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1163" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:5040;top:4900;width:1260;height:540' o:regroupid="2" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>V (1)</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1164" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:3060;top:4900;width:1800;height:540' o:regroupid="2" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Ctrl Serial (3)</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:rect id="_x0000_s1167" style='position:absolute;left:8100;top:8640;
width:1080;height:1080'>
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>On-board
flash 32 MB<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:rect><v:line id="_x0000_s1169" style='position:absolute' from="9000,7560"
to="9000,8640">
<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
</v:line></v:group><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout'>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 align=left>
<tr>
<td width=36 height=18></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td><img width=626 height=616
src="./BB_Game_System_Architecture_Overview_files/image001.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1170 _x0000_s1107 _x0000_s1108 _x0000_s1109 _x0000_s1110 _x0000_s1112 _x0000_s1113 _x0000_s1122 _x0000_s1123 _x0000_s1124 _x0000_s1125 _x0000_s1126 _x0000_s1127 _x0000_s1129 _x0000_s1131 _x0000_s1132 _x0000_s1134 _x0000_s1135 _x0000_s1136 _x0000_s1137 _x0000_s1142 _x0000_s1143 _x0000_s1144 _x0000_s1145 _x0000_s1146 _x0000_s1147 _x0000_s1148 _x0000_s1150 _x0000_s1151 _x0000_s1152 _x0000_s1153 _x0000_s1154 _x0000_s1156 _x0000_s1158 _x0000_s1159 _x0000_s1160 _x0000_s1161 _x0000_s1162 _x0000_s1163 _x0000_s1164 _x0000_s1167 _x0000_s1169"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</span><![endif]><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<h2><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:Arial'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<br style='mso-ignore:vglayout' clear=ALL>
<p class=MsoNormal>The central component in the architecture is the BB SOC,
which is described in more detail in the next section. This SOC provides the
processor, graphics/audio coprocessor and all the peripheral interfaces.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h3>Controller Interface</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The BB SOC provides a serial interface? What is the chip
functionality?</p>
<h3>LCD</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>? What ?</p>
<h3>Flash</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal>The on-board Flash is NAND flash. The current plan is to
support 32 MB on board and allow external NAND Flash modules.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>? Are we supporting proprietary and SmartMedia or Compact
Flash ?</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h3>Break out Box</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The external box provides a mechanism for other BB devices
and controllers to plug-in for multi-player games.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h2>BOM</h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The target BOM is <$40. We should keep track of it here.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=599 style='width:449.0pt;
border-collapse:collapse;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td width=253 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:190.0pt;padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;
height:12.75pt'>
<h4>Component</h4>
</td>
<td width=345 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:259.0pt;padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;
height:12.75pt'>
<h4>Cost Estimate</h4>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>BroadOn
Player Chip<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>$6.00?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>DDR/SDR
(16MB)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>$5.00?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>32 MB (or
16 MB?) on-board NAND Flash<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>$10.00?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Game
Controller chip<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>$2.00?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>LCD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Video
Encoder/DAC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>$1.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Audio
Encoder/DAC<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>$1.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Ethernet
Phy<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>$2.00<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Other
glue logic/passive components<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Power
Supply<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>(N64 is
$7.80)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Mechanical
parts box/connectors/cables<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>(N64 is
$7.50)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Board<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>(N64 is
$2.30)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Break out
box<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Labor<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>(N64 is
$4.50)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Total<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>NOTES for N64 we know the following costs: </p>
<ul style='margin-top:0in' type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l2 level1 lfo12;tab-stops:list .5in'>CPU/RCP/RDRAM
(36 Mbit) cost is $12.20</li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l2 level1 lfo12;tab-stops:list .5in'>All
other electronics is $5.20 (includes passives, video, audio, PIF, etc)</li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l2 level1 lfo12;tab-stops:list .5in'>The
board is $2.30</li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l2 level1 lfo12;tab-stops:list .5in'>A
controller costs $5.00</li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l2 level1 lfo12;tab-stops:list .5in'>The
power supply is $7.80</li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l2 level1 lfo12;tab-stops:list .5in'>Mechanicals
and plugs is $7.50</li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:l2 level1 lfo12;tab-stops:list .5in'>Labor
is $2.30</li>
</ul>
<span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;
mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><br clear=all style='mso-special-character:line-break;
page-break-before:always'>
</span>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h2>BB SOC Architecture</h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:group id="_x0000_s1173" style='position:absolute;
margin-left:-18pt;margin-top:11.7pt;width:495pt;height:8in;z-index:2'
coordorigin="1440,2572" coordsize="9900,11520">
<v:rect id="_x0000_s1026" style='position:absolute;left:5040;top:5452;width:2160;
height:1260' o:regroupid="3">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>RCP-DDR</p>
<p class=MsoNormal>(125 MHz)</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1028" style='position:absolute;left:5040;top:2976;
width:2160;height:1260' o:regroupid="3">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>R4000 series core</p>
<p class=MsoNormal>(93.75, 125, 250 MHz)</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1029" style='position:absolute;left:1440;top:5452;
width:1080;height:1260' o:regroupid="3">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>16 MB</p>
<p class=MsoNormal>DDR/9bits</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1030" style='position:absolute;left:7200;top:8332;
width:1440;height:720' o:regroupid="3">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoBodyText>Secure Flash-64KB</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1032" style='position:absolute;left:7380;top:9952;
width:1080;height:720' o:regroupid="3">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>SRAM<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:rect><v:rect id="_x0000_s1033" style='position:absolute;left:3780;top:9952;
width:1080;height:720' o:regroupid="3">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>LCD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>Ctlr<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
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<tr>
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<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>10/100<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>Eth.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoBodyText>AddressMapper/Decrypt Eng.</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
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<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>App. Flash 32 MB</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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height:540' o:regroupid="3">
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<![if !mso]>
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<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>NMI
trigger<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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o:regroupid="3">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>AD16 bus</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:line id="_x0000_s1063" style='position:absolute;flip:y' from="4500,3652"
to="4500,4552" o:regroupid="3"/>
<v:line id="_x0000_s1064" style='position:absolute' from="4500,3652" to="5040,3652"
o:regroupid="3">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>SysAd bus</p>
<p class=MsoNormal>(62.5, 125 MHz)</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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left:9720;top:5632;width:1620;height:540' o:regroupid="3" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1066'>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Audio</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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left:9720;top:5992;width:1620;height:540' o:regroupid="3" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Video</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1068" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:9720;top:6712;width:1620;height:900' o:regroupid="3" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1068'>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Controller ports x 4</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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left:3060;top:5452;width:1980;height:540' o:regroupid="3" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>DDR 125 MHz</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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left:6300;top:13372;width:2880;height:720' o:regroupid="3" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>External Flash</p>
<p class=MsoNormal>(SmartMedia, Proprietary)</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1077" style='position:absolute;flip:x' from="1980,9232"
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
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o:regroupid="3" strokecolor="red">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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to="4500,7798" o:regroupid="3" strokecolor="red"/>
<v:line id="_x0000_s1090" style='position:absolute' from="4500,7793" to="5220,7793"
o:regroupid="3" strokecolor="red"/>
<v:line id="_x0000_s1091" style='position:absolute;flip:x' from="5220,4732"
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<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
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<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt'>HW
Config<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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to="7200,7793" o:regroupid="3" strokecolor="red">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1095" style='position:absolute' from="6120,7613"
to="7200,7613" o:regroupid="3">
<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1096" style='position:absolute;flip:x' from="6840,7973"
to="7200,7973" o:regroupid="3" strokecolor="navy"/>
<v:line id="_x0000_s1097" style='position:absolute' from="6840,7973" to="6840,11393"
o:regroupid="3" strokecolor="navy"/>
<v:line id="_x0000_s1098" style='position:absolute;flip:x' from="6660,11392"
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<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1099" style='position:absolute' from="6840,10492"
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<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
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stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Secure Mode</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
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to="5040,3156" o:regroupid="3">
<v:stroke startarrow="block"/>
</v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1105" style='position:absolute' from="4140,3156"
to="4140,4596" o:regroupid="3">
<v:stroke endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><v:shape id="_x0000_s1106" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:1620;top:2796;width:1440;height:540' o:regroupid="3" filled="f"
stroked="f">
<v:textbox>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>Reset</p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape><v:line id="_x0000_s1171" style='position:absolute' from="7200,3420"
to="10620,3420">
<v:stroke startarrow="block" endarrow="block"/>
</v:line><v:shape id="_x0000_s1172" type="#_x0000_t202" style='position:absolute;
left:9720;top:3600;width:1620;height:540' filled="f" stroked="f">
<v:textbox style='mso-next-textbox:#_x0000_s1172'>
<![if !mso]>
<table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width="100%">
<tr>
<td><![endif]>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal>JTAG</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<![if !mso]></td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]></v:textbox>
</v:shape></v:group><![endif]--><![if !vml]><span style='mso-ignore:vglayout;
position:relative;z-index:42;left:-24px;top:16px;width:662px;height:786px'><img
width=662 height=770
src="./BB_Game_System_Architecture_Overview_files/image002.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_s1173 _x0000_s1026 _x0000_s1028 _x0000_s1029 _x0000_s1030 _x0000_s1032 _x0000_s1033 _x0000_s1034 _x0000_s1035 _x0000_s1036 _x0000_s1038 _x0000_s1039 _x0000_s1040 _x0000_s1041 _x0000_s1042 _x0000_s1048 _x0000_s1054 _x0000_s1056 _x0000_s1057 _x0000_s1058 _x0000_s1059 _x0000_s1060 _x0000_s1061 _x0000_s1062 _x0000_s1063 _x0000_s1064 _x0000_s1065 _x0000_s1066 _x0000_s1067 _x0000_s1068 _x0000_s1069 _x0000_s1070 _x0000_s1073 _x0000_s1074 _x0000_s1075 _x0000_s1076 _x0000_s1077 _x0000_s1078 _x0000_s1082 _x0000_s1086 _x0000_s1089 _x0000_s1090 _x0000_s1091 _x0000_s1092 _x0000_s1094 _x0000_s1095 _x0000_s1096 _x0000_s1097 _x0000_s1098 _x0000_s1099 _x0000_s1100 _x0000_s1101 _x0000_s1104 _x0000_s1105 _x0000_s1106 _x0000_s1171 _x0000_s1172"></span><![endif]><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<br style='mso-ignore:vglayout' clear=ALL>
<h2>Basic Components</h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Before reviewing the basic operations below we outline the
main components in the system and their properties.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>(Frank fill in more information if you want)</p>
<h3>R4000</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The precise core CPU is TBD, but for now we assume its an
R4000 series which closely matches the R4300 that is used in N64. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The main difference we are currently aware of which can
effect the development kit are the cache line sizes. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The core can operate at several clock frequencies</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>? Frank can you describe the modes we will support ?</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h3>RCP-DDR Interface</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The current plan is to modify the memory interface to use
DDR instead of RDRAM for cost reasons. The RDRAM on N64 is 4MB with the option
to expand to 8 or 12 MB. The RCP graphics pipe uses the parity bit in RDRAM to
extend the byte width to 9 usable bits for the pixel format (18 bits per pixel)
and also the Z buffer.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>? What is the principle of the current design to get 18 bits
?</p>
<h3>NMI trigger</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The NMI trigger provides the mechanism for applications for
call the security kernel to get security services. These services include:</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo3;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>Launching new applications</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l6 level1 lfo3;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>Signing/Encrypting information using the device private key</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The mechanism is described in detail under principle of
operation. The main output of the NMI trigger hardware is the NMI and the
secure bit. The secure bit is on when the chip is operating in secure mode.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Further details of secure services provided by the kernel
are documented in XXX (we need to start a software architecture document)</p>
<h3>Secure Flash</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The secure flash is a conventional NOR flash with two
differences:</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo4;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>Portions of the flash can be made read only forever, by
programming a bit in the flash itself</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo4;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The flash will not be visible to any device in the system
unless the secure bit is turned on. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>When it is enabled the Flash is mapped the uncached address
0xbfc00000 (kseg1 address), which is the exception vector for NMI, Hard and
Soft reset, as well as the cached address 0x9fc00000 (kseg0 address)</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>? Details of how this is turned off<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>what is the configuration or read, read/write need
software input here ?</p>
<h3>HW configuration registers</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The hardware configuration registers are a collection of
bits which enable parts of the hardware. These include:</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo5;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>Enable/Disable the Ethernet interface</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo5;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>Enable/Disable the Address Mapper configuration interface</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo5;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>Enable/Disable the Decryption engine configuration interface</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo5;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>Enable/Disable access to SRAM</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>These registers are only visible and programmable when the
secure bit is on.</p>
<h3>Flash Interface: Address Mapper</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The address mapper provides a mechanism to map portions of
different physical flash devices into the address space of the CPU.<span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>We provide access for up to 4 physical
devices, including one on-board 32 MB flash and 3 external (i.e. plug-in) flash
devices. The address mapper provides 5 mappings:</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo6;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>One mapping per device which maps a CPU address range into an
address range on the flash for read only access. This mapping can be to either
plain or encrypted content. Access to encrypted content is through the
decryption engine.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.75in;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo6;
tab-stops:list .75in'><![if !supportLists]>-<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>One mapping to a particular device which provides read/write
access to a portion of the flash device.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The address mapper allows the application to see only
selected portions of the devices as a single unified mass storage area
analogous to the N64 ROM cartridge. The CPU addresses coincide with the current
N64 ROM cartridge addresses. The read/write area provides storage for game state
and is a replacement for SRAM and EEPROM extensions which were a part of some
N64 cartridges.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Note that using the address mapper a game can span several
flash memory devices if necessary.</p>
<h3>Flash Interface: Decryption Engine</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Applications are stored on the flash encrypted using a 128
bit AES-CBC block cipher. Other than Meta-data used by the browsing application
all application code and data is stored encrypted.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The decryption engine provides seemless access to this data
to the running application, so that the application, or the security kernel
does not have to deal with on the fly decryption. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Configuration of the decryption engine, particularly
programming the decryption key, is handled by the security kernel when an
application is launched. The decryption key is never visible to application
code, and it cannot be programmed by application code.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h3>Flash/External Flash/Smart Media</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The flash memory is used to store all applications code,
data, meta-data (for cataloging), and licenses (permissions to execute,
hardware access rights). The applications are stored encrypted on the flash and
the licenses contain the decryption keys. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Parts of the licenses are stored encrypted on the flash,
using the Device Public Key. This ensures that only the particular device can
access the information in the license through the security kernel.</p>
<h3>LCD Controller</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>? I still question whether this needs to be there ?</p>
<h3>10/100 Ethernet Interface</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>This interface is the mechanism the device uses to connect
to a Depot to download games. The hardware configuration register provides a
mechanism to turn this device off, so that its use can be controlled through
the application licenses.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h2>Area/Cost Estimates</h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>We should keep track of estimates here once we have made
more progress on design, so we can make sure not to blow the cost targets.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Pin count?</p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Power estimate? package?</p>
<table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=569 style='width:427.0pt;
border-collapse:collapse;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 0in 0in'>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td width=304 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:228.0pt;padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;
height:12.75pt'>
<h4>Component</h4>
</td>
<td width=265 nowrap valign=bottom style='width:199.0pt;padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;
height:12.75pt'>
<h4>Gate Count/Area Estimate</h4>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>R4000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>RCP
(includes RCP-DDR interface)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Secure
NOR Flash 64 KB ?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>SRAM 16KB
?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Ethernet<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>LCD
controller<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Decryption
Engine/Flash Interface<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Scan<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Pads (pin
count?)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:12.75pt'>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Total<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap valign=bottom style='padding:.75pt .75pt 0in .75pt;height:12.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h2>Principal of Operation</h2>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The goal of the system is to provide a mechanism by which
licensed applications stored on the flash (on board or external) can be
executed by the system, but</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo8;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The system will not execute un-licensed applications</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo8;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>It is difficult to get a plain text copy of an application</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Of these 1 is the most critical.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The solution that the system provides to this problem is to
have the equivalent of an on-chip smart card in the form of a security kernel
that has complete control over the launching of applications and the access of
applications to hardware resources. The security kernel resides in on-chip
flash (the Secure Flash), and makes use of on-chip SRAM during execution for
all data, so that all operations and their results are hidden inside the chip. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>This security kernel controls execution of all code and also
provides security services to applications. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>There are 2 mechanisms which result in the security kernel
being invoked:</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>Reset. When the system is reset, the security kernel is
invoked and is the starting point for booting the system and launching the
first application.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l10 level1 lfo1;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>An application can call the security kernel by executing a
load instruction from an un-cached location. This load will cause the NMI line
on the processor to be activated. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>In the first case, when the chip comes out of reset, the
secure mode line is active, so the flash and the hardware configuration
registers are mapped into the CPU address space. The CPU will take the Reset
exception vector which maps into the Secure Flash.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>In the second case the load instruction will cause the NMI
trigger block to trigger an NMI, and then wait for a load from the Reset
exception vector location. Once it sees this load it will make the secure mode
line active and the secure flash and configuration registers will be mapped
into the CPU address space. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>(how does the secure kernel distinguish these two cases)</p>
<p class=MsoNormal>(we need some mechanism for communicating calling parameters
to the secure kernel)</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>The details of what services are provided by the security
kernel are left for later, however, the most basic service provided is
validating and launching an application under direction from another
application which is running, or out of reset. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Our current assumption is that out of reset the security
kernel will launch a browser application that is stored in the on-board flash.
This browser application can then launch other applications. This browser
application also provides the user interface for interacting with the BB depot.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>To see how the above hardware architecture can meet our
security requirements we go through the power on/reset and application
launching steps.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h3>Power On/Hard Reset</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The device is reset (e.g. power on) and the security kernel is
invoked</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The security kernel looks for the browser application in the
on-board flash. If this application exists it will go through the launching
steps, if not it will display some informative message on the TV screen and
attempt to connect to the Depot through the Ethernet, to initialize the browser
application. The browser application is our name for the first application
which is run out of reset, or when an application quits.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The validity of the application license is checked by checking
the license signature and checking the certificate chain up to the trusted root
certificate stored in the Secure Flash. The Certificate Revocation List in
Secure Flash is also checked to make sure the license servers certificate has
not been revoked (we may want to include some time checks). If it passes go to
the next step. </p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The integrity of the application code and data is validated by
calculating an MD5 hash (or SHA-1) over the complete application code and data
and checking this against the hash which is a part of the application license.
If it passes go to the next step.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The appropriate application flash address mappings (for
read/write and read) are extracted from the application meta-data.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>6.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The content key is decrypted from the license.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>7.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The hardware permissions extracted from the license</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>8.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>All the hardware configuration is programmed (address mapper,
decryption engine, etc)</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>9.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The application is booted, following the same procedure as
N64. That is, the first 1 MB segment is copied into DRAM (through the flash
interface which has been set up).</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>10.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The Cache is cleared, the SRAM is cleared, plus any other
operations required to completely eliminate any state left around in the
processor are taken.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo9;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>11.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The kernel leaves secure mode and jumps to the application.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<h3>Application Launching</h3>
<p class=MsoNormal><![if !supportEmptyParas]> <![endif]><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal>Application launching is similar to power on/reset, with the
exception that additional data is communicated with the security kernel to
indicate which application to launch. Steps are as follows:</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>1.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The application in control identifies the application to
launch by putting an ID/address in some shared location (either register or
memory)</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>2.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The application then executes a load from a pre-defined
un-cached address that will result in the NMI trigger causing an NMI to the
processor.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>3.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The NMI causes the processor to (eventually after pending
stores are completed) fetch and instruction from the Reset Exception vector
location 0xbfc0 0000.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>4.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>This fetch causes the NMI trigger to make the secure mode
active, mapping the Secure Flash and the hardware configuration registers in to
the CPU address space.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>5.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The exception handling code is fetched from the Secure Flash</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>6.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The Secure Kernel identifies the cause of the exception was a
application launch request, and it fetches the application ID from the shared
location.</p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:84.0pt;text-indent:-48.0pt;mso-list:l11 level1 lfo11;
tab-stops:list 84.0pt'><![if !supportLists]>7.<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span><![endif]>The Secure Kernel goes through the application validation and
launching steps from above (steps 3 11).</p>
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<h2>Manufacturing Initialization</h2>
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<p class=MsoNormal>How do we initialize the BB device during manufacturing with
the secure kernel and associated keys/certificates?</p>
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